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Unit 7
Kinetic Model Of Matter


WHAT YOU'LL LEARN IN THIS UNIT:
  1. Understanding the properties of the 3 states of matter
  2. The effects of temperature on particles (Kinetic theory of matter)
  3. Learn about the Brownian Motion

  • SOLID
    Arrangement - Particles are arranged in a fixed pattern.
    Distance Between Particles - Particles are packed closely together.
    Force Of Attraction - Very strong forces of attraction between particles.
    Motion Of Particles - Particles vibrate about their fixed position.

  • LIQUID
    Arrangement - Particles are packed, but in an inorderly manner, but particles are able to move about.
    Distance Between Particles - Particles are less close to one another (as compared to solid).
    Force Of Attraction - Force of attraction exist between particles.
    Motion Of Particles - Particles interchange their positions.

  • GAS
    Arrangement - Particles are spread widely, free to move anywhere.
    Distance Between Particles - Particles are air apart.
    Force Of Attraction - Negligible forces of attraction between particles.
    Motion Of Particles - Particles move freely and randomly in all directions at high speeds.



Arrangement of the 3 states of Matter:


& The Water Cycle:



Below is comprehensive chart created by myself.
It serves as a summary of the properties of different states of matter.





All matter is made up of tiny little particles called molecules and are always in continuous motion.
This is known as the KINETIC MODEL OF MATTER.


  • Effects of Heat on Molecular Motion


The higher the temperature, the greater speed the particles move. Vice Versa.



  • Brownian Motion
Named after Robert Brown. He was the first to observe the random movement of particles, hence the name.
BROWNIAN MOTION is basically the random movement of particles in a random, haphazard and continuous manner, which is also known as the particle theory.
The Brownian Motion explains why perfume smells spreads so quickly :)

Here's a cool software which i found online! Try it out :D
Animated Brownian Motion!
Oh. and:
Brownian Demostration

> Below is a single sample path of a three-dimensional Brownian motion (Wiener process) Wt, as generated by Wolfram Mathematica with a time step of size 0.0001, for times 0 ≤ t ≤ 2.



> Below is Brownian Motion on a Sphere.


BROWNIAN MOTION VIDEO: